Monday, May 19, 2014

Nanasahib Peshwa - 1857 India Freedom War Leader



Birth 19 May 1824

In 1827 he was adopted by Peshwa.

He was denied the pension given to his father as he was an adopted son. He took active part in the 1857 war against British.


On 6 June 1857, at the time of the rebellion by forces of the East India Company at Cawnpore, Nanasahib and his forces entered the British magazine situated in the northern part of the town. The soldiers of the 53rd Native Infantry, who were guarding the magazine, thought that Sahib had come to guard the magazine on behalf of the Company. However, once he entered the magazine, Nana Sahib announced that he was a participant in the rebellion against the Company. After taking possession of the Company treasury, Sahib advanced up the Grand Trunk Road stating that he wanted to restore the Maratha confederacy under the Peshwa tradition, and decided to capture Cawnpore. On his way, Sahib met the rebel Company soldiers at Kalyanpur. Sahib wanted them to join his forces and they agreed.


On 6 June, his forces (including the rebel soldiers) attacked the Company soldiers gathered at an entrenchment at 10:30 am The Company forces  managed to defend themselves as the attacking forces were reluctant to enter the entrenchment. The Indian forces laid the siege and waited. The Company forces  held out in their makeshift fort for three weeks with little water and food supplies, and lost many lives due to sunstroke and lack of water.

As the news of advances over the capture of  British garrison spread, several more rebel sepoys joined Peshwa's forces. By 10 June, he was believed to be leading around twelve thousand to fifteen thousand Indian soldiers.During the first week of the siege, the Nana Sahib's forces encircled the attachment, created loopholes and established firing positions from the surrounding buildings. The defending Captain John Moore retaliated and launched night-time sorties. The Nana Sahib withdrew his headquarters to Savada House (or Savada Kothi), which was situated around two miles away.

The sniper fire and the bombardment continued until 23 June 1857, the 100th anniversary of the Battle of Plassey. The Battle of Plassey, which took place on 23 June 1757, was one of the pivotal battles leading to the expansion of the East India Company rule in India.  This prompted the rebel soldiers under Nana Sahib to launch a major attack on the entrenchment on 23 June 1857. However, they were unable to gain an entry into the entrenchment by the end of the day.

The entrenchment had been steadily losing its soldiers and civilians to successive bombardments, sniper fire, and assaults from the attackers. It was also suffering from disease and low supplies of food, water and medicine. The Nana Sahib and his advisers came up with a plan to end the deadlock. On 24 June, he sent a female European prisoner, Rose Greenway, to the entrenchment to convey their message. In return for a surrender, he promised the safe passage of the Europeans to the Satichaura Ghat, a dock on the Ganges from which they could depart for Allahabad. Next day, on 25 June, Nana Sahib sent a second note, signed by himself, through another female prisoner, Mrs. Jacobi.  Finally, the company force decided to surrender, in return for a safe passage to Allahabad. After a day of preparation and burying their dead, the Europeans decided to leave for Allahabad on the morning of 27 June 1857. But when, the forces had started in their boats, there were gun shots and confusion and the soldiers were killed by many rebels who assembled on the banks of Ganga.

The East India Company sent forces to recapture Cawnpore and they reached Cawnpore on 16 July 1857. General Havelock was the commander of the forces and he was informed that Sahib had taken up a position at the Ahirwa village. His forces launched an attack on Sahib's forces, and emerged victorious. Sahib then blew up the Cawnpore magazine, abandoned the place, and retreated to Bithoor. On 19 July, General Havelock attacked Bithoor, but Nana Sahib had already left it and his palace at Bithoor was occupied without resistance. The British troops seized guns, elephants and camels, and set fire to Sahib's palace.

Thus, he disappeared at the of the war. His whereabouts are still under investigation and debate.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nana_Sahib

http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/1857-revolt-hero-nanasaheb-peshwa-life-remains-mystery/1/196859.html

Sunday, May 18, 2014

18 May - Day in History of India and Importance



1933 - Gandhi started 21 days fast for self purification
1955 - Hindu marriage act amended
1973 - India tested atom bomb
1974 - Jaya Prakash Narayan led a procession against economic conditions in Patna. Start of the JP agitation that led to imposition of emergency that resulted in the defeat of Congress party and success of Janata Party in 1977 Lok Sabha Elections.
1988 - Ten day Siege of Golden Temple at Amritsar ends with the surrender of 46 Sikh militants.


Birthdays

H.D. Deve Gowda

Farida Jalal

Thawar Chand Gehlot,


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May - Day in India History


http://www.indianage.com/0518.html

Saturday, May 17, 2014

17 May - Day in History of India and Importance

1498  Vasco Da Gama arrived in India at Calicut
1540 - Sher Shah defeated Humayun for a second time in battle of Kannauj

1775 - Battle of Arras - Marathas vs East India Company
1857 Bahadur Shah II was declared as the Emperor of India by the Indian Military fighting the First War of Indian Independence against British rule or East India Company rule.
1873 Hindi daily Bharat Mitra was started from Calcutta.
1999 - Sonia Gandhi resigns as Congress President but CWC(I) rejects it.

2014 - Bihar Chief Minister, Nitish Kumar resigned from the post of Chief Minister, saying that it is his ethical responsibility as his party JD(U) got only 2 Lok Sabha seats and 15% popular vote. He did not suggest dissolution of the assembly.

Birthdays


B.S. Chandra Sekhar (Cricketer)

Pankaj Udhas

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May - Day in India History

http://www.indianage.com/0517.html

Saturday, May 10, 2014

26 May - Day in History of India and Importance



1739 - Afghanistan separated from Indian empire as a result of treaty between Mughal Emperor Mahmud Shah and Persian emperor Nadir Shah.
1993 - Centre decides to implement Mandal Commission report providing 27% reservation to backward castes from 15 June 1993.
1997 - Government decided to allow LPG as motor vehicle fuel.
1998 - S. Chandra Sekhar, scientist was awarded Niels Bohr Unesco Gold Medal.

2014 - Narendra Modi will take oath as PM of India at 6 pm.




Birthdays

1885 - Govindagraj (Ram Ganesh Gadkari) Great Marathi playwright.
1926 - Kankalta, freedom fighter, Assam
1935 - Swami Mrugendra Chennaya, Social Scientist, Maharashtra
1945 - Vilasrao Deshmukh
Aruna Roy (social activist, RTI)
Sushil Kumar (Olympics, Wrestling)

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http://www.indianage.com/0526.html

25 May - Day in History of India and Importance



1606 - Guru Arjun Dev was killed at the instruction of Aurangzeb.


1915 - Sabarmati Ashram established at Ahmedabad.
1999  India entered the global satellite launch market.
1999 - Prime Minister announced that India will take all steps to push back infiltrators in Kargil.


Birthdays

1886 - Rash Behari Bose
1899 - Nazrul Islam
Ramesh Chennithala
Karan Johar,

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http://www.indianage.com/0525.html

21 May - Day in History of India and Importance


Anti Terrorism Day


1984 - Army moves in after 114 die in communal clashed in Mumbai
1990 - P.M. V.P. Singh clears Rs. 13,000 crore Sardar Sarovar Dam on Narmada
1991 - Rajiv Gandhi was  Assasinated. (I was doing the duty as polling officer in a polling booth close to my residence). Personal (Death of Dedeepya).
1994 - Sushmita Sen was crowned as the 43rd Miss Universe.
1996 - General Election to 11th Lok Sabha ended.


Birthdays
G.S. Maddala (Econometrics Book Author)


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http://www.indianage.com/0521.html

22 May - Day in History of India and Importance



1545 Sher Shah Sur died.

1930 - 2500 volunteers under the leadership of Sarojini Naidu, raided the Government Salt Works at Dharsena in Surat District as per the decision of Gandhiji. 400 police men raided lathi blows on them killing 2 persons and injuring 320 seriously. The satyagrahis suffered the punishment  imposed on them by the government as per the non-violent programme of civil disobedience.

1936 - Foundation stone of Brabourne stadium in Bombay was laid.
1953 - Mount Everest conquered. Tenzing Norgay of Darjeeling accompanied Edmund Hillary.
1996 - 11th Lok Sabha's first session begins.
1996 - Deve Gouda electedd as 3rd Front's parliamentary party.

2010
Dilip Donde, became the first Indian to circumnavigate world on a sailboat. Entered Mumba harbour.

Arjun Vajpai, 16 year old school boy climbed Everest.


May 22 Birthdays - Famous Indians


Raja Rammohan Roy
1917 Suniti Chaudhary - Freedom fighter
1940 Erapalli Prasanna (Cricketer - Off spin bowler)
Mehbooba Mufti,
Homi Wadia,


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http://www.indianage.com/0522.html

updated 9 July 2017

24 May - Day in History of India and Importance



1557 - Sikandar Sur was forced to surrender Mankot in Punjab

1875 - Sir Sayed Ahmed Khan established Mohmad Anglo Oriental School in Aligarh.

1956 - Gautam Buddhah's 2500th birth anniversary was celebrated.

Birthdays


1928 - K. Jana Krishna Murthy - BJP President, 2001-2002, Law Minster, Government of India
http://bjp.org/images/kamal_sandesh/bjptoday_oct_0207_h.pdf

Rajesh Roshan

Rajdeep Sardesai


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http://www.indianage.com/0524.html

Friday, May 9, 2014

9 May - Day in History of India and Importance

14 May - Day in History of India and Importance


Sikkim Day

1657 - Chatrapathi Sambhaji Maharaj was born at the Purandar Fort

1982 All India Radio was named Akashvani


1996 - H.D.Deve Gowda elected leader of third front in Lok Sabha

Birthdays


Sambhaji (1657),

Mrinal Sen,

Waheeda Rehman,

Zarine Khan


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May - Day in India History

http://www.indianage.com/0514.html

Tuesday, May 6, 2014

16th Lok Sabha Elections 2014



April 2014

As per schedule, the 16th Lok Sabha elections are taking place.




For this election,  Narendra Modi, Chief Minister of Gujarat State and Parliamentary Board member of BJP was declared as the PM candidate of BJP.  Rahul Gandhi, Vice-President of Congress Party. is portrayed as the Congress nominee. PM Manmohan Singh ruled out a third term for himself.

BJP is going ahead with Mission 272+.

Opinion polls are giving the indication, BJP will be the largest party and NDA will form the government. NDTV forecasted that NDA will get 275 seats.

The counting of votes will take place on 16 May 2014
Voting will take place in phases

7 April
9 April
10 April
12 April
17 April
24 April
30 April



7 May
Important seats - Amethi (Rahul Gandhi)
Narendra Modi addressed a rally at Amethi on 5th May.
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12 May
Important seats - Varanasi (Narendra Modi)



Opinion Polls on 16th Lok Sabha Election